Which type of light energy does Earth mostly absorb in the greenhouse effect?

In the context of the greenhouse effect, Earth mostly absorbs short wavelength light, which includes ultraviolet (UV) and visible light. When sunlight reaches the Earth's surface, it encompasses a broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including UV and visible light. The Earth's surface warms as it absorbs this energy.

After absorbing this short wavelength energy, the Earth re-emits it as longer wavelength infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, play a significant role in capturing some of this emitted infrared radiation, which helps to keep the planet warm. This process is vital for maintaining a habitable climate on Earth, as it allows for the trapping of heat that would otherwise escape back into space.

Understanding this process is essential for studying climate dynamics and the implications of human activities on global warming and climate change.