What is capillarity?

Capillarity refers to the ability of water to move upward through small spaces against the force of gravity, which is primarily due to the adhesive forces between water molecules and the surfaces of the soil particles. This phenomenon occurs in small soil pores where water molecules cling to the tiny spaces, allowing the water to rise, even in dry soil conditions.

This upward movement is essential for plant growth, as it helps supply roots with moisture from the soil. It effectively demonstrates the interaction between surface tension and the properties of water in soil dynamics. Through capillarity, water can travel from deeper soil layers to reach the root zones of plants, supporting their hydration and nutrient uptake.