On a topographic map, in which direction does water typically flow?

Water typically flows downhill due to the force of gravity. On a topographic map, this is represented by the contour lines that depict elevation changes across a landscape. When these contour lines are closely spaced, it indicates a steep slope, while widely spaced lines suggest a gentle slope.

To determine the direction of water flow on a topographic map, one can observe the contour lines, as water will flow from higher elevations to lower elevations, following the natural gradient of the land. Additionally, water tends to flow perpendicular to the contour lines; therefore, it moves in the direction of decreasing elevation. This fundamental principle of hydrology is crucial for understanding watershed dynamics, erosion patterns, and drainage systems.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately represent the natural flow of water in relation to topography. Water does not flow uphill, nor does it follow the contour lines or flow in the direction of contour intervals; instead, it consistently seeks lower elevations on the landscape.