In New York State, when is the sun directly overhead?

In New York State, the sun is never directly overhead at any time of the year. The geographical latitude of New York means that the sun can only be directly overhead at the equator or within the tropics (between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn).

In New York, the sun's zenith point, or point directly overhead, occurs at solar noon during the summer solstice for locations within the tropics. Since New York is situated at a higher latitude, the sun never reaches this position. Therefore, the specific timing and position of the sun confirm that it can never be directly overhead in New York.

For clarity, during the summer equinox, the sun is not directly overhead in New York, although it does appear higher in the sky and the days are longer. At noon during summer, while the sun is at its highest point for that season, it still does not reach the zenith point.